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Plant parts

Herbal ingredients plant parts index

This page lists and defines the correct terms to use in your product application and on medicine labels if your product contains plant parts as part of its herbal ingredients.

This page will help you know where plant part terms are required in product applications and on medicine labels. The guidance will ensure that you're using the most correct plant part name from the approved names in the TBS Plant Part Code Table.

Information in the plant parts index

Plant part term

  • Appearing in alphabetical order, these are either commonly used names or technical terms for plant parts.
  • Some of these terms are not TGA approved names, or are broad descriptions of the plant part (e.g. bark). Refer to the description to confirm if it has (or is) an approved name.

Approved name

  • If an approved name is listed here (in bold), ensure this is used in applications and on product labels. You can search the TBS Plant Part Code Table for the bolded plant parts.
  • If more than one approved name is suggested, select the most correct term for the plant part used to make the ingredient.
  • If there is no approved name listed, follow the instructions under the Refer and compare section.

Refer and compare

Where the approved name isn't obvious (e.g. broad terms such as bark, and fruit), this section will refer you to one or more alternate names/terms to help you find the most correct approved name.

These are suggestions only, and usually (but not always) include the correct plant part.

Alternative term for label

Label AANs are optional if you need a different term for your label (if one or more is listed).

The label name will not always be listed under the approved name. When label names are not listed under the AAN, you will be referred back to the relevant plant part for the label name.

Definitions

achene
seed
aerial parts
refer herb top or, if applicable, herb (contrast with whole plant)
aerial root
root aerial (label AAN: aerial root, root, root aer.)
albedo (Citrus fruit)
white layer of fruit peel (mesocarp): fruit peel inner (label AAN: fruit peel in.)
androecium
stamen (label AAN: flower stamen)
anther
anther (label AAN: flower anther)
antheridium
fruiting body
archegonium
fruiting body
aril
seed aril (label AAN: aril)
arillus
seed aril
ascocarp
refer fruiting body
balsam
where applicable, refer to: oil, oleoresin, resin, gum, gum oleoresin where not as above: where not as above: add plant part from which balsam was derived e.g. gum balsam, sap balsam, or stem balsam, as applicable, and refer to Plant Preparations code table for the preparation: e.g. fresh, extract, etc. where none of the above apply, use balsam
balsamum
refer balsam
bark
as appropriate: rhizome bark, rhizome bark inner, rhizome bark outer root bark, root bark inner, root bark outer stem bark, stem bark inner, stem bark outer twig bark, twig bark inner, twig bark outer
bark inner
state part, e.g. refer: rhizome bark inner, root bark inner, stem bark inner, twig bark inner
bark outer
state part, e.g. refer: rhizome bark outer, root bark outer, stem bark outer, twig bark outer
basidiocarp
mushroom
bean
seed or refer bean pod, if applicable
bean pod
with bean seeds: fruit (label AAN: pod, bean pod, fruit/legume pod) without bean seeds: fruit pericarp (label AAN: fruit peri., pod, bean pod, fruit/legume pod)
berry
This term is broader than the strict botanical meaning. where soft fruit of flowering plants: fruit (label AAN: berry) Do not use the label AAN 'berry' if there is any hard tissue in the fruit, e.g. not for Crataegus (hawthorn) fruits where soft fruit of conifers, e.g. Juniperus: fruit (label AAN: berry) where seed has a fleshy layer around the embryo, e.g. Zanthoxylum: seed
blade
where leaf-like blade of seaweeds: blade(label AAN: refer frond, if applicable) where broad portion of leaf (lamina) without leaf stalk (petiole): leaf blade where broad portion of leaf (lamina) with leaf stalk (petiole), i.e. whole leaf: leaf where blade and stem: blade and stem
blade and stem
blade and stem
blossom
flower
bough
refer branch
bracket fungus
fruiting body (label AAN: bracket fungus)
bract
bract, or where applicable, seed husk ( label AAN: flower bract)
bran
seed bran (label AAN: bran)
branch
branch, or where applicable, stem or stem wood
branch terminal
branch terminal (label AAN: branch, terminal branch) refer: twig, twig dormant twig flowering budding, twig flowering, twig flowering and fruiting, twig fruiting twig leafy, twig leafy young twig leafy flowering, twig leafy flowering and fruiting, twig leafy fruiting
branch terminal leafy
branch terminal leafy (label AAN: leafy branch, leafy terminal branch) refer: twig, twig dormant twig flowering budding, twig flowering, twig flowering and fruiting, twig fruiting twig leafy, twig leafy young twig leafy flowering, twig leafy flowering and fruiting, twig leafy fruiting
bryophyte
refer: hornwort, liverwort, moss
bud
either leaf bud or flower bud, as applicable (label AAN: flower bud, if applicable)
bulb
bulb
bulbus
bulb
calyx
sepal (label AAN: flower sepal) - this term is broader than the strict botanical meaning.
capsule
where a moss capsule (sporangium): fruiting body (label AAN: capsule [of moss], fruit. body) where any type of dry hollow fruit: fruit where a simple dry fruit formed from several united ovary carpels, opening with pores or splits, e.g. lilies and poppies: fruit (label AAN: capsule) - this term is broader than the strict botanical meaning Do not use the label AAN 'capsule' for legume pods, follicle pods, siliqua and silicule.
carcerulus
seed
caryopsis
refer fruit/seed
catkin
flower (label AAN: catkin)
caulis
stem
cell
cells of single celled, colonial and filamentous algae and fungi including yeasts (e.g. Saccharomyces), blue-green algae (e.g. Spirulina and Arthrospira) and unicellular green algae (e.g. Chlorella): cell (label AAN: may be left blank) cell wall, where applicable
cell wall
cell wall
cellulose
refer fibre (dietary fibre)
cereal grain
refer fruit/seed
clove
clove
cone
fruit (label AAN: cone, berry, if applicable, refer strobile) the seed-bearing body of conifers is termed a cone. Where the cone scales are fleshy and join around the seeds, as in the case of Juniperus, use fruit (label AAN: berry)
corm
corm
corolla
flower petal (label AAN: petal)
cortex
where peelings, refer to peel, fruit peel, skin, bark, bark outer, where applicable where parenchyma, refer root pith or stem pith, as applicable
cotyledon
leaf cotyledon (label AAN: cotyledon)
cremocarp
refer fruit/seed
cypsela
fruit
drupe
fruit
embryo
seed germ
embryon
refer shoot
embryonic shoot
refer shoot
endocarp
refer fruit endocarp
endosperm
seed endosperm (label AAN: seed starch, where applicable)
endosperm liquid
seed endosperm liquid
endospermum
seed endosperm
epidermis
refer skin, or where relevant, fruit skin
exocarp
refer fruit exocarp
exocarpus
refer fruit exocarp
fasciculus
refer vascular tissue
fat
state part, e.g. seed, fruit flesh and refer Herbal Ingredients Plant Preparations index for preparation: i.e. fat
fern
refer whole plant, herb, leaf, leaf fertile, rhizome, root, fruiting body (sporangium), spore, etc.
fertile leaf
where reproductive structures are born on the leaf, e.g. sporangia on fern leaves: leaf fertile (label AAN: leaf)
fibre
where 'dietary' fibre or fibre cells, refer to fruit fibre, stem fibre, root fibre, seed fibre, seed bran, as applicable where fibre cells, refer fruit skin fibre, root pith fibre, stem bark fibre, etc. as appropriate where vascular tissue, refer vascular tissue
fibrous root
with or without root hairs: root (label AAN: fibrous root)
filament
refer stamen filament; or cell, leaf (needle), hyphae (of fungi), spine, thorn, as appropriate:
flavedo (Citrus fruit)
coloured layer of fruit peel (mesocarp): fruit peel outer
flesh
refer: fruit flesh, root pith, stem pith, seed endosperm, as appropriate
flos
refer flower
flower
Flower refers both to flowers alone and to whole inflorescences, including branching flower stalks. Where present, leafy bracts may be included. where whole flowers: flower (label AAN: refer flowering head) where a cluster of flowers (infloresence) with included flower stalks (pedicels and peduncles) and any leafy bractsflower where leaves and stems are also included: herb flowering or herb top flowering where flower and leaf: flower and leaf COMPARE WITH 'HERB FLOWERING' AND 'HERB TOP FLOWERING' where only a part of the flower, refer to: bract, flower receptacle, flower stalk (pedicel, peduncle, rachis, rachilla) sepal, petal, tepal stamen, stamen filament anther, pollen, ovary, style, stigma
flower and leaf
flower and leaf
flower bud
flower bud (label AAN: fl. bud)
flower bud resin
flower bud resin (label AAN: fl. bud resin)
flower petal
flower petal (including tepal appearing as a petal) OR petal (both are correct) (label AAN: fl. petal)
flower rachilla
flower stalk compare and refer flower
flower rachis
flower stalk compare and refer flower
flower receptacle
flower receptacle (label AAN: fl. rec.)
flower sepal
flower sepal (including tepal appearing as a sepal) (label AAN: fl. sepal)
flower stalk
flower stalk (label AAN: fl. stalk)
flowering head
flower (label AAN: flowering head)
flowering herb
herb flowering, compare and refer herb
flowering herb top
herb top flowering, compare and refer herb top
flowering top
herb top flowering, compare and refer herb top
flowering twig
twig flowering, compare and refer herb top
folium
refer leaf
follicle
fruit (label AAN: fruit pod, pod)
folliculus
fruit
frond
where leaf of ferns: leaf (label AAN: frond) where leaf-like part of seaweeds: blade (label AAN: frond, where applicable) where seaweed blade and stem (stipe): herb where seaweed blade and stem (stipe) and holdfast: whole plant (label AAN: whole seaweed)
frucificatio
refer fruiting body
fructus
refer fruit
fruit
Fruit refers to the seed-bearing structure of flowering plants, including all types of simple, aggregate and multiple (compound) fruits. Fruit includes the seeds, all the surrounding tissue layers, any persistent bracts and the individual fruit stalk, and may include any branching fruit stalks. where the whole fruit including the seeds, the surrounding soft/leathery/hard fruit tissue and any individual fruit stalks: fruit (label AAN: refer hip, cone) where any type of dry hollow fruit: fruit (label AAN: refer capsule) where a simple dry fruit formed from several united ovary carpels, opening with pores or splits, e.g. lilies and poppies: fruit (label AAN: refer capsule) bean/legume pod with bean seeds: fruit (label AAN: refer pod) where soft fruit of flowering plants: fruit (label AAN: refer berry) where soft fruit of conifers, e.g. Juniperus: fruit (label AAN: refer berry) where the whole fruit including shell and seed (dry, hard, single-seeded fruit that does not split open regularly), e.g. acorn, hazel nut: fruit (label ANN: refer nut) where fruit is a legume (pea or bean pod), follicle, siliqua or silicula AND includes seeds: fruit (label AAN: refer pod) pod with fruit and seeds: fruit (label AAN: refer pod) where a strobile of a flowering plant: fruit (label AAN: refer strobile) where leaves and stems are also included: herb fruiting or herb top fruiting gourd: fruit (label AAN: refer gourd) Refer also: where a fruiting (reproductive) body of an algae, seaweed, fungus, lichen, liverwort, moss, hornwort, fern, refer fruiting body where the whole fruit looks like a seed, e.g. wheat, borage parsley, aniseed, fennel, refer fruit/seed where only a single part of the fruit, refer fruit stalk, fruit pericarp, fruit epidermis, fruit exocarp, fruit skin, fruit mesocarp, fruit peel, fruit peel outer, fruit peel inner, fruit hull, fruit shell, fruit flesh, fruit pith, fruit endocarp, fruit without juice, fruit vascular tissue, seed
fruit endocarp
fruit endocarp (label AAN: fruit endo.) refer fruit shell, if applicable
fruit epidermis
fruit skin
fruit exocarp
outer layer of fruit (exocarp): fruit exocarp (label AAN: fruit exo.) also refer to fruit skin, fruit peel, fruit rind or fruit hull, where applicable.
fruit fibre
fruit fibre
fruit flesh
exocarp and mesocarp, e.g. pitted cherry: fruit flesh mesocarp, e.g. peeled and stoned peach: fruit flesh endocarp, e.g. juice cells of orange: fruit flesh various tissues, e.g. peeled pineapple, peeled apple: fruit flesh
fruit hull
outer tough/leathery layer of fruit (exocarp), e.g. leathery walnut hull outside walnut shell: fruit hull (label AAN: walnut hull, if applicable) where hard/stony layer of fruit, refer fruit shell
fruit husk
where sepals (often papery/leafy) remaining around fruit: sepal where bracts (often papery) from around seed: seed husk
fruit juice
if juice of fruit: fruit juice refer juice
fruit mesocarp
fruit mesocarp (label AAN: fruit meso.) refer fruit flesh, fruit peel inner, fruit pith, as appropriate:
fruit oleoresin
fruit oleoresin
fruit pedicel
fruit stalk
fruit peduncel
fruit stalk
fruit peel
exocarp + mesocarp, e.g. orange peel: fruit peel other tissue, e.g. apple peel: fruit peel exocarp only: refer fruit skin
fruit peel inner
mesocarp, e.g. white layer (albedo) of Citrus (oranges, lemons, etc.): fruit peel inner
fruit peel outer
endocarp, e.g. coloured layer (flavedo) of Citrus (oranges, lemons, etc.): fruit peel outer
fruit pericarp
all fruit tissue except seeds, e.g. legume pods without the seeds (pericarp = exocarp + mesocarp + endocarp): fruit pericarp (label AAN: fruit peri., refer bean pod)
fruit pith
central pithy tissue that seeds attach around (placenta): fruit pith mesocarp, e.g. granadilla flesh: fruit pith refer fruit flesh or fruit peel inner, if applicable:
fruit pitted
refer fruit flesh
fruit pulp
fruit without juice, if applicable refer fruit flesh orfruit
fruit rachilla
fruit stalk
fruit rachis
fruit stalk
fruit resin
fruit resin
fruit rind
refer fruit peel
fruit rind inner
fruit peel inner
fruit rind outer
fruit peel outer
fruit seed
refer seed and fruit/seed
fruit seedless
refer fruit pericarp
fruit shell
outer hard layer of fruit (i.e. pericarp is hard/stony, not tough/leathery), e.g. hazelnut shell: fruit shell (label AAN: shell) inner hard/stony layer around seed (e.g. endocarp in a drupe), e.g. walnut and almond shells: fruit shell inner hard/stony shell (as above) with enclosed seed: seed & fruit shell refer fruit
fruit skeleton
fruit vascular tissue
fruit skin
exocarp/epidermis, e.g. peach skin, tomato skin: fruit skin
fruit skin fibre
fruit skin fibre
fruit stalk
fruit pedicel, peduncle, rachis, rachillas: fruit stalk
fruit stone
where stone only, refer fruit shell where stone and seed, refer nut
fruit vascular bundles
fruit vascular tissue
fruit vascular tissue
nutrient-conducting tissue (xylem and phloem), sometimes stringy, e.g .bean pod strings: fruit vascular tissue (label AAN: fruit vasc.)
fruit wax
fruit wax
fruit without juice
fruit without juice, refer also fruit pulp
fruit/seed
Fruits that contain very little tissue other than the seeds are described in some pharmacopoeias as a fruit and in others as seeds. Where: two-seeded schizocarp of the Umbelliferae/Apiaceae family (which includes celery, parsley, carrot, coriander, cumin, anise and fennel), the schizocarp should be named in product applications as fruit/seed (label AAN: either fruit or seed) referring to fruits that are composed almost entirely of seed tissue, seed is usually the correct term, but in some cases fruit is also correct dry splitting two-seeded cremocarp schizocarps of Umbellifera/Apiaceae family including species of Aegopodium (goatweed), Ammi (bisnaga), Anethum (dill), Angelica, Anthriscus (chervil), Apium (celery), Bupleurum, Carum (caraway), Cicuta (cowbane), Conium (hemlock), Coriandrum (coriander), Crithmum (samphire), Cuminum (cumin), Daucus (carrot), Eryngium (eryngo), Ferula (galbanum), Foeniculum (fennel), Heracleum (cow parsnip), Hydrocotyle, Levisticum (lovage), Ligusticum (lovage), Myrrhis (sweet chervil), Oenanthe (dropwort), Petroselinum (parsley), Pimpinella (anise, burnet saxifrage), Sanicula (sanicle) and Zizia (golden Alexanders): either seed or fruit may be used, both are correct dry single-seeded caryopsis of the Graminae/Poaceae grass family, including Avena (oats), Oryza (rice), Secale (rye), Triticum (wheat), Zea (corn, maize): seed four-seeded carcerulus schizocarps, e.g. Labiatae/Lamiaceae family (Mentha (mints), Ocimum (basil), etc.) and Boraginaceae family (Borago (borage), etc.): seed single-seeded achenes, e.g. Ranunculus (buttercup): seed cypselas with no pappus, e.g. some Compositae/Asteracea: seed many-seeded lomentum schizocarps, e.g. pea pods that fragment: seed
fruiting body
where a strobile of a horsetail, e.g. Equisetum: fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body refer strobile, refer cone) where a fern spore cluster (sporangium): fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, refer sporangium) where a fruiting body of a moss, liverwort or hornwort (sporangium, archegonium or antheridium): fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, refer sclerotium, capsule (of moss), toadstool, as applicable) where a fruiting body of a fungus, not with a mushroom shape (e.g. acsocarp): fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, refer puff ball, bracket fungus, as applicable) where a fruiting body of a lichen: fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body) where an algae/seaweed fruiting body (sporangium or gametangium): fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, spore body, as applicable) where a moss capsule (sporangium): fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, refer capsule) COMPARE WITH FRUIT refer mushroom, mushroom cap, mushroom stem
fruiting herb
herb fruiting, refer herb
fruiting herb top
herb top fruiting, refer herb
fruiting top
herb top fruiting, refer herb top
fruiting twig
twig fruiting, refer herb top
fungus
mushroom-shaped spore-bearing bodies of basidiomycetes: mushroom (label AAN: whole fungus) all other types of spore-bearing bodies of fungi: refer fruiting body for basidiocarp or ascocarp, etc. (e.g. mushroom, puff ball, bracket fungus): refer fruiting body refer whole plant, cell, hyphae, spore
gall
gall
galla
gall
gallnut
gall
gemma
refer bud
germ
seed germ
glume
bract or, if applicable, seed husk
gourd
fruit (label AAN: gourd)
grain (of cereal)
refer fruit/seed
grain bract
seed husk
grain glume
seed husk
grain husk
seed husk
gram
where seeds of legume plants, e.g. beans: seed
gum
gum and refer to Plant Preparation code table for preparation: e.g. fresh, extract, etc.
gum balsam
gum balsam and refer to Plant Preparation code table for preparation: e.g. fresh, extract, etc. refer oil, oleoresin, resin, gum, gum oleoresin, as applicable
gum oleoresin
gum oleoresin and refer to Plant Preparation code table for preparation: e.g. fresh, extract, etc.
gummi
refer gum
gynoecium
ovary (label AAN: flower ovary)
heartwood
refer root heartwood or stem heartwood, as applicable
herb
all the aerial parts present at harvesting when only vegetative parts are present - that is, the reproductive structures of flowers and fruits are not present: herb stems with attached leaves where there is little flower or fruit material in the harvest (not with root or rhizome): herb where seaweed thallus without holdfast: herb where seaweed blade and stem (stipe): herb COMPARE WITH HERB TOP AND WHOLE PLANT Refer also to herb young, herb flowering, herb fruiting, herb flowering and fruiting, sprout, shoot, leaf, leaf fertile, fungus or cell, if applicable:
herb flowering
stems with attached leaves where flowers always present and little fruit material in the harvest (not with root or rhizome): herb flowering (label AAN: herb fl.)
herb flowering and fruiting
stems with attached leaves where flowers and fruit material are always present in the harvest (not with root or rhizome), use: herb flowering and fruiting (label AAN: herb fl.fr.)
herb fruiting
stems with attached leaves where fruit always present and little flower material in the harvest (not with root or rhizome): herb fruiting (label AAN: herb top fr.)
herb top
terminal ends of stems/branches with attached leaves where there is little flower or fruit material in the harvest (not with root or rhizome): herb top COMPARE WITH HERB AND WHOLE PLANT Refer and compare with: branch terminal, branch terminal leafy herb top flowering, herb top flowering and fruiting, herb top fruiting, herb top young, shoot top twig, twig dormant, twig flowering, twig flowering budding, twig fruiting, twig flowering and fruiting twig leafy, twig leafy flowering, twig leafy flowering and fruiting, twig leafy fruiting, twig leafy young
herb top flowering
terminal ends of stems/branches with attached leaves where flowers always present and little fruit material in the harvest (not with root or rhizome): herb top flowering (label AAN: herb top fl., flowering herb top)
herb top flowering and fruiting
terminal ends of stems/branches with attached leaves with flowers and fruit material always present in the harvest (not with root or rhizome): herb top flowering and fruiting (label AAN: herb top fl. fr., flowering & fruiting herb top)
herb top fruiting
terminal ends of stems/branches with attached leaves with fruit always present and little flower material in the harvest (not with root or rhizome): herb top fruiting (label AAN: herb top fr, fruiting herb top.)
herb top young
terminal ends of stems/branches of immature plant with attached leaves (not with root or rhizome) before flowers or other reproductive structures form and before stems become woody: herb top young (label AAN: herb top)
herb young
immature stems with attached leaves where there is little flower or fruit material in the harvest (not with root or rhizome) before flowers or other reproductive structures form: herb young
herba
refer herb and herb top
hesperidium (Citrus)
fruit
hip (of Rosa)
where whole fruit including seeds: fruit (label AAN: rose hip) where fruit without seeds: fruit pericarp (label AAN: fruit peri., rose hip)
holdfast (seaweed)
holdfast
hornwort
refer whole plant, herb, leaf, rhizoid, spore, fruiting body (archegonium, anteridium, sporangium), etc.
horsetail (e.g. Equisetum)
refer whole plant, herb, stem, sterile stem, ('stem' includes any whorls of minute leaves), leaf, rhizome, fruiting body (strobile), spore, etc.
hull
refer fruit hull
husk
seed husk, if applicable refer fruit peel, if applicable
hyphae (of fungi)
hyphae
hypocotyl
hypocotyl
inflorescence
refer flower
inflorescentia
refer flower
juice
refer fruit juice state part, e.g. leaf, stem and refer Plant Preparation code table for preparation, e.g. juice fresh, juice dry, juice concentrated
juice cells (of Citrus)
fruit flesh or fruit juice (refer to Herbal Ingredients Plant Preparations index for 'juice') where fruit pulp without juice: fruit without juice
kernel
seed (label AAN: kernel)
kernel shell
refer fruit shell
kino
state part, e.g. root wood kino
lamina
leaf blade
lateral root
root lateral (label AAN: lateral root, root lat., root)
latex
latex
leaf
where true leaf, including leaf blade and stalk of simple leaf, or leaflets and stalks in compound leaf, with any stipules and axillary buds: leaf (label AAN: refer needle, if applicable) leaf like structures of simple plants such as mosses: leaf where leaf of fern or fern frond without spores: leaf (label AAN: refer frond, where applicable) where broad portion of leaf (lamina) with leaf stalk (petiole), i.e. whole leaf: leaf where the leaf has a specialised form, more accurate terms should be used - for example clove and bulb where leaf-like blade/frond of seaweed: blade (label AAN: refer frond) where leaf-like stems with tiny or absent leaves, e.g. Equisetum (horsetail): stem
leaf and stem
refer herb and herb top
leaf and twig
refer herb top
leaf blade
where broad portion of leaf (lamina) without leaf stalk (petiole): leaf blade (label AAN: frond) where leaf-like blade of seaweeds: blade (label AAN: frond)
leaf bud
leaf bud
leaf bud resin
leaf bud resin
leaf cotyledon
leaf cotyledon (label AAN: cotyledon, leaf cot.)
leaf fertile
where reproductive structures are born on the leaf, e.g. sporangia on fern leaves: leaf fertile where fern frond with spores: leaf fertile
leaf inner
leaf inner (e.g. of Aloe: leaf in. juice fresh/extract, etc.) (label AAN: inner leaf, leaf in., leaf)
leaf inner juice
leaf inner juice (e.g. of Aloe: leaf in. juice extract, etc.) (label AAN: leaf in. juice)
leaf outer
leaf outer
leaf rachilla
leaf rachilla
leaf rachis
leaf rachis
leaf radicle
leaf radicle (label AAN: leaf)
leaf resin
leaf resin
leaf skeleton
leaf vascular tissue (label AAN: leaf skeleton, leaf vasc.)
leaf stalk
leaf stalk
leaf vascular bundles
leaf vascular tissue (label AAN: leaf vasc.)
leaf vascular tissue
leaf vascular tissue (label AAN: leaf vasc.)
leaf wax
leaf wax, refer wax
leaf young
leaf young (label AAN: leaf)
leaflet
leaf (label AAN: leaflet)
legume pod
with pea/bean seeds: fruit (label AAN: pod, pea pod, bean pod, fruit pod, legume pod) without pea/bean seeds: fruit pericarp (label AAN: fruit peri. pod, pea pod, bean pod, fruit pod, legume pod)
legume seed
seed (label AAN: pea seed, bean seed)
legumen
refer legume pod
lichen
refer whole plant, fruiting body, spore, etc.
lignin
refer fibre (dietary)
lignum
refer wood
liverwort
refer whole plant, herb, leaf (where leaf-like), rhizoid, spore, fruiting body (sporangium, archegonium or antheridium), etc.
lycopod (e.g. Lycopodium)
refer whole plant, herb, stem, leaf, root, strobile, spore, etc.
medulla
refer pith
mesocarp
refer fruit mesocarp
mesocarpium
refer fruit mesocarp
moss
refer whole plant, herb, stem, leaf, rhizoid, spore, fruiting body (sporangium capsule, archegonium or antheridium)
mushroom
where fruiting body of fungus, with a mushroom (or toadstool) shape (basidiocarp): mushroom (label AAN: toadstool, if applicable) where fruiting body of fungus, not with a mushroom shape (e.g. ascocarp): fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, refer puff ball, bracket fungus, if applicable) For specific parts of the mushroom, refer also mushroom cap, mushroom stem, etc.
mushroom cap
where the cap of a mushroom, use mushroom cap (label AAN: toadstool cap, if applicable)
mushroom stem
mushroom stem (label AAN: toadstool stem, if applicable)
mycelium (of fungi)
hyphae or refer cell
needle (of conifer)
leaf (label AAN: needle)
node
node
nodule
root nodule
nodule and root
root and root nodule
nodus
node
nut
where seeds or kernels only: seed (label AAN: kernel, if applicable) where the whole fruit, including the shell and seed (dry, hard, single-seeded fruit that does not split open regularly), e.g. acorn, hazel nut: fruit (label AAN: nut) where the seed and inner shell from a fruit (drupe), with the outer soft or leathery layer removed, e.g. walnuts, almonds: seed & fruit shell (label AAN: seed & shell)
nut shell
refer fruit shell
nux
refer nut
oil
state part, e.g. seed, herb or flower, as applicable, and refer to the Plant Preparation code tables for preparation, e.g. oil fixed, oil essential, oil infused
oleoresin
state part, e.g. gum oleoresin, fruit oleoresin, stem bark oleoresin and refer to the Plant Preparation code tables for preparation, e.g. fresh or extract
ovary
ovary (label AAN: flower ovary)
ovary stigma
stigma (label AAN: flower stigma)
ovary style
style (label AAN: flower style)
parenchyma
refer pith
pea
seed (label AAN: pea)
pea pod
with pea seeds: fruit (label AAN: pod, pea pod, fruit pod, legume pod) without pea seeds: fruit pericarp (label AAN: fruit peri. pod, pea pod, fruit pod, legume pod)
pedicel
either flower stalk or fruit stalk, as applicable
pedicellus
refer pedicel
peduncle
either flower stalk or fruit stalk, as applicable
peel
state part, e.g. fruit peel, root peel, rhizome peel, stem peel, twig peel, etc. as applicable refer also skin, fruit peel, bark, bark outer
pepo
fruit
pericarp
refer fruit pericarp
pericarpium
refer fruit pericarp
petal
petal (label AAN: flower petal) OR flower petal (both are correct) where tepal appearing as a petal: petal
petiole
leaf stalk
phloem
refer bark and vascular tissue
pinna
leaf
pinnule
leaf
pith
state part, e.g. stem pith or root pith, as applicable refer fruit pith
placenta
refer fruit flesh and fruit pith
plant
refer herb, herb top and whole plant
plant immatura
refer herb young
plantula
sprout
plumula
plumule
plumule
plumule
pod
where fruit is a legume (pea or bean pod), follicle, siliqua or silicula AND includes seeds: fruit (label AAN: fruit pod, pod, pea pod, bean pod, legume pod, follicle pod, all as applicable) where fruit is as above, without seeds: fruit pericarp (label AAN: fruit peri. fruit pod, pod, pea pod, bean pod, legume pod, follicle pod) where fruit is not as above, with seeds: fruit (label AAN: fruit pod, pod) where fruit is not as above, without seeds: fruit pericarp (label AAN: fruit peri.)
pollen
where collected by mechanical means: pollen where collected by bees, use the Australian approved biological substance name 'Pollen' to name the substance
pomace (of apples)
refer fruit pulp
pome
fruit
pressed seed cake
pressed seed cake
pteridophyte
refer fern, horsetail (e.g. Equisetum), lycopod (e.g. Lycopodium)
puff ball
fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, puff ball)
pulp
refer fruit pulp or stem pith, as applicable
pulse
where seeds of legume plants, e.g. beans: seed (label AAN: bean seed)
rachilla
leaf stalk, fruit stalk or flower stalk, as applicable
rachis
leaf stalk, fruit stalk or flower stalk, as applicable
radix
root
ramu
refer twig entries under herb top and refer stem
ramulus
refer twig entries under herb top and refer stem
receptacle
flower receptacle (label AAN: fl. rec.)
recetaculum
flower receptacle
resin
state part, e.g. flower bud resin, stem resin, or stem bark resin, as applicable
resina
refer resin
rhizoid
root
rhizoma
rhizome
rhizome
rhizome
rhizome and root
root and rhizome (label AAN: root & rhiz.)
rhizome and root and stolon
root and rhizome and stolon (label AAN: root, rhizome and stolon, root, rhiz & stolon)
rhizome and stolon
rhizome and stolon (label AAN: rhiz and stolon, rhiz & stolon)
rhizome bark
rhizome bark (label AAN: rhiz. bark)
rhizome bark inner
rhizome bark inner (label AAN: rhizome bark, rhiz. bark, rhiz. bark in.)
rhizome bark outer
rhizome bark outer (label AAN: rhizome bark, rhiz bark, rhiz. bark outer)
rhizome heartwood
rhizome heartwood (label AAN: rhizome wood, rhiz. heartwood, rhiz. wood)
rhizome oleoresin
rhizome oleoresin
rhizome peel
rhizome peel or rhizome skin, if applicable
rhizome sapwood
rhizome sapwood (label AAN: rhizome wood, rhiz. wood)
rhizome skin
rhizome skin or rhizome peel, if applicable
rhizome wood
rhizome wood (label AAN: rhiz. wood)
rind
refer peel, fruit peel, skin, bark, bark outer
root
all or most of the rooting system, such as fibrous roots and tap roots with any lateral roots and nodules: root (label AAN: refer taproot, fibrous root if applicable) true roots with or without root hairs and root-like rhizoids: root (label AAN: rhizoid) where only some of the rooting system is used, refer root lateral, root aerial or root nodule an underground stem is also used, name each part (e.g. root & rhizome)
root aerial
root aerial (label AAN: aerial root, root aer.)
root and rhizome
root and rhizome (label AAN: root & rhiz.)
root and rhizome and stolon
root and rhizome and stolon (label AAN: root, rhiz. & stolon)
root and root nodule
root and root nodule (label AAN: root & root nodule)
root and stolon
root and stolon (label AAN: root & stolon)
root bark
root bark
root bark inner
root bark inner (label AAN: root bark)
root bark outer
root bark outer (label AAN: root bark)
root epidermis
root skin
root fibre
root fibre
root heartwood
root heartwood (label AAN: root wood)
root lateral
root lateral (label AAN: lateral root, root lat.)
root nodule
root nodule
root peel
root peel or root skin, if applicable
root pith
root pith or root pith fibre, if applicable
root pith fibre
root pith fibre
root sapwood
root sapwood (label AAN: root wood)
root skin
root skin or root peel, if applicable
root tap
root tap
root vascular bundles
root vascular tissue (label AAN: root vasc.)
root vascular tissue
root vascular tissue (label AAN: root vasc.)
root wood
root wood
root wood inner
root heartwood (label AAN: root wood)
root wood kino
root wood kino
root wood outer
root sapwood (label AAN: root wood)
samara
fruit
sap
sap and refer to Plant Preparations code table for the preparation: e.g. fresh, powder, extract, etc.
sap balsam
refer oil, oleoresin, resin, gum, gum oleoresin, or sap resin, as appropriate where not as above: sap balsam and refer to Plant Preparations code table for the preparation: e.g. fresh, extract, etc.
sap resin
sap resin
sapwood
Refer root sapwood, stem sapwood, twig sapwood, rhizome sapwood, as applicable
sawdust
refer wood
scape
scape
scapus
scape
schizocarp
refer fruit/seed
schlerenchyma
refer fibre
sclerotium
fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, spore body)
scobis
refer wood
seaweed
refer whole plant, holdfast, stem (stipe), blade (or if applicable, frond), fruiting body (gametangium, sporangium)
seed
seed where seed has a fleshy layer around the embryo, e.g. Zanthoxylum: seed where seeds/kernels only: seed refer also fruit/seed
seed and fruit shell
where seed and inner shell from a fruit (drupe) with the outer soft or leathery layer removed, e.g. walnuts, almonds: seed and fruit shell (label AAN: seed & shell)
seed aril
seed aril (label AAN: aril)
seed bran
seed bran (label AAN: bran)
seed coat
seed coat
seed coat aril
seed aril (label AAN: aril)
seed embryo
seed germ
seed endosperm
seed endosperm (label AAN: seed endo., seed starch, if applicable), refer endosperm liquid, if applicable
seed epidermis
seed skin or seed bran, if applicable
seed fibre
seed fibre
seed germ
seed germ
seed germinating
refer sprout
seed husk
seed husk, including where bracts (often papery) from around seed
seed mucilage
seed mucilage
seed shell
refer fruit shell
seed skin
seed skin, or where applicable, seed bran
seed sprout
refer sprout
seed/fruit
refer fruit/seed
semen
seed
sepal
sepal (label AAN: flower sepal) where sepals (often papery/leafy) remaining around fruit: sepal where tepal appearing as a sepal: sepal
shell
refer fruit shell
shoot
immature stem offshoots of mature plant: shoot where only the stem: stem also refer shoot top and compare herb and herb top
shoot top
terminal ends of immature stems with leaves, emerging as offshoots of a mature plant: shoot top
silicula
fruit (label AAN: fruit pod, pod)
siliqua
fruit (label AAN: fruit pod, pod)
silk (of corn, Zea)
style or stigma (both are correct) (label AAN: flower style, flower stigma)
skin
state applicable part, e.g. fruit skin, root skin, rhizome skin, stem skin, twig skin refer also peel, fruit peel, bark, or bark outer, where relevant
sorosis
fruit
spina
refer to spine or thorn, as applicable
spine
spine
spora
spore
sporangium
where an algae/seaweed fruiting body (sporangium or gametangium): fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, spore body, refer capsule or mushroom, if applicable) where a fern spore cluster (sporangium): fruiting body (label AAN: spore body) where a fruiting body of a moss, liverwort or hornwort (sporangium, archegonium or antheridium): fruiting body
spore
spore
sprout
germinating seed with first leaves: sprout refer also herb and herb top for comparison
stalk
refer stem, stolon, twig, leaf stalk (petiole), flower stalk or fruit stalk (pedicel, peduncle), leaf rachis and leaf rachilla, flower rachis and flower rachilla or fruit rachis and fruit rachilla
stamen
stamen (label AAN: flower stamen)
stamen anther
anther (label AAN: flower anther)
stamen filament
stamen filament (label AAN: flower filament, stamen fil.)
staminis
stamen
stem
central stem(s) and the branches: stem (label AAN: vine stem, where applicable) where stem growth form not specialised: stem where leaf-like stems with tiny or absent leaves, e.g. Equisetum (horsetail): stem where stipe of seaweed or flowering plant: stem (refer also flower stalk, or fruit stalk, as applicable) where stem growth form specialised, refer rhizome, stolon, corm, tuber, bulb (includes leaves), etc. where other plant parts are included, refer herb, herb top, whole plant and related terms.
stem and leaf
refer herb and herb top where leaf-like stems with tiny or absent leaves, e.g. Equisetum (horsetail): stem
stem balsam
refer oil, oleoresin, resin, gum, gum oleoresin, as applicable where not as above: stem balsam and refer Plant Preparation code table for preparation: e.g. fresh, extract, etc.
stem bark
stem includes branches and twigs,use stem bark (label AAN: bark)
stem bark fibre
stem bark fibre (label AAN: bark fibre)
stem bark inner
stem bark inner (label AAN: inner bark, stem bark in., bark)
stem bark oleoresin
stem bark oleoresin (label AAN: bark oleoresin)
stem bark outer
stem bark outer (label AAN: outer bark, bark)
stem bark resin
stem bark resin (label AAN: bark resin)
stem epidermis
stem skin
stem fibre
stem fibre
stem gum
refer gum
stem heartwood
stem heartwood (label AAN: heartwood, wood)
stem latex
latex
stem peel
stem peel or stem skin, if applicable
stem pith
stem pith
stem resin
stem resin
stem sap
refer sap
stem sapwood
stem sapwood (label AAN: sapwood, wood)
stem skin
stem skin or stem peel, if applicable
stem sterile
stem
stem vascular bundle
stem vascular tissue (label AAN: stem vasc.)
stem vascular tissue
stem vascular tissue (label AAN: stem vasc.)
stem wood
stem wood (label AAN: wood)
stem wood resin
stem wood resin (label AAN: wood resin)
stigma
stigma and refer silk (label AAN: flower stigma)
stigma and style
stigma and style
stipe
where of seaweed: stem where of flowering plant: stem, flower stalk, or fruit stalk, as applicable
stipulae
stipule
stipule
stipule
stolon
stolon
stolon and rhizome
rhizome and stolon (label AAN: rhizome & stolon, rhiz. & stolon)
stolon and root
root and stolon (label AAN: root & stolon)
stolon and root and rhizome
root and rhizome and stolon (label AAN: root, rhizome & stolon)
stoma
stoma
strobile
where a strobile of a flowering plant: fruit (label AAN: strobile, cone, if applicable) where a strobile of a horsetail, e.g. Equisetum: fruiting body (label AAN: fruit. body, strobile)
strobilus
flower
stromata
stromata
style
style and refer silk (label AAN: flower style)
stylus
refer style
styrax
refer resin
succus
refer sap
synconus
fruit
taproot
root (label AAN: taproot)
tepal
where appearing as a petal: petal (label AAN: flower petal) where appearing as a sepal: sepal (label AAN: flower sepal)
testa
seed coat
testa aril
seed aril (label AAN: aril)
thallus
refer whole plant
thallus blade
blade (label AAN: frond, if applicable)
thallus frond
blade (label AAN: frond)
thallus holdfast
holdfast
thallus stipe
stem
thorn
thorn
toadstool
refer mushroom
top
refer herb top
truewood
refer heartwood
trunk
stem (label AAN: trunk)
trunk bark
refer stem bark
trunk wood
refer stem wood
tuber
tuber
turiones
refer twig leafy young
twig
twigs without leaf, flower or fruit: twig
twig bark
twig bark
twig bark inner
twig bark inner (label AAN: twig bark inner, twig bark, twig bark in.)
twig bark outer
twig bark outer (label AAN: twig bark outer, twig bark)
twig dormant
dormant twigs with or without flower buds and/or leaf buds but without leaf, flower or fruit: twig dormant compare herb top
twig flowering
twigs with flowers always present, with little leaf or fruit: twig flowering refer twig flowering budding and herb top
twig flowering and fruiting
twigs with flowers and fruits always present with little leaf: twig flowering and fruiting refer twig flowering, twig fruiting, twig flowering budding and herb top
twig flowering budding
twigs with flower buds always present with little leaf, flower or fruit: twig flowering budding
twig fruiting
twigs with fruits always present with little leaf or flower: twig fruiting refer herb top
twig heartwood
twig heartwood (label AAN: twig wood)
twig leafy
leafy twigs where there is little flower or fruit material in the harvest: twig leafy
twig leafy flowering
leafy twigs with flowers always present, with little fruit: twig leafy flowering
twig leafy flowering and fruiting
leafy twigs with flowers and fruits always present: twig leafy flowering and fruiting
twig leafy fruiting
leafy twigs with fruits always present, with little flower: twig leafy fruiting
twig leafy young
leafy twigs where the twigs are less than a year old: twig leafy young
twig peel
twig peel or twig skin, if applicable
twig sapwood
twig sapwood (label AAN: twig wood)
twig skin
twig skin or twig peel, if applicable
twig wood
twig wood
twig young
refer entries under herb top
underground parts
state parts, e.g. root or rhizome or root and rhizome
vascular bundles
refer vascular tissue
vascular tissue
state part, e.g. fruit vascular tissue, stem vascular tissue, root vascular tissue refer fibre (cells)
vine
specify part, e.g. stem, herb etc.
vine herb
refer entries under herb
vine stem
stem (label AAN: vine stem)
wax
state part, e.g. leaf wax, fruit wax etc. and refer to Plant Preparation code table for preparation: fresh, extract, etc.
whole plant
where entire plant body, including any underground parts, holdfasts and reproductive structures: whole plant (label AAN where applicable: whole fungus, whole lichen, whole seaweed, whole moss, whole horsetail, whole liverwort, whole hornwort, whole fern) refer to entry naming each type of plant to ensure all parts are included - loss of the fine root hairs/rhizoids is expected where entire thallus of seaweed (blade/frond, stem (stipe) and holdfast and reproductive structures): whole plant where entire hyphae (mycelia) and fruiting bodies: whole plant where only aerial parts, refer herb and herb top where mushroom-shaped part of fungus, refer fruiting body where single celled, filamentous and colonial algae or fungi, refer cell
wood
refer: fruit (or capsule, if applicable), fruit shell rhizome heartwood, rhizome sapwood, rhizome wood, as applicable root heartwood, root sapwood or root wood, as applicable stem heartwood, stem sapwood, stem wood, as applicable twig heartwood, twig sapwood or twig wood, as applicable
wood inner
refer heartwood
wood outer
refer sapwood
xylem
refer wood and refer vascular tissue
xylem primary
refer sapwood and refer vascular tissue
xylem secondary
refer heartwood

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